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Eosinophilic Oesophagitis

Summary

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a long-term condition caused by an immune or allergic reaction affecting the oesophagus (the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach). It leads to inflammation and difficulty swallowing. The condition is becoming more common, especially in children and young adults.

Symptoms can vary by age:

  • Children may experience vomiting, heartburn, stomach pain, difficulty feeding, or poor growth.
  • Adolescents and adults may have difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) or food getting stuck in the throat (food impaction).

Treatment options include medications or dietary changes, and most people respond well to these approaches.

Diagnosis and When to Seek Help

If your child or a family member experiences frequent difficulty swallowing, persistent heartburn, vomiting, or unexplained feeding issues, it’s important to consult a doctor.

EoE is diagnosed through an endoscopy, where a small sample of the oesophagus lining (biopsy) is taken. The condition is confirmed if the sample shows an increased number of eosinophils (a type of immune cell linked to allergies).

Management

EoE is a chronic condition, but symptoms can be controlled with:

  • Medications – Doctors may prescribe swallowed corticosteroids or proton pump inhibitors (acid-reducing medication) to reduce inflammation.
  • Dietary changes – Some people benefit from eliminating certain food allergens, such as dairy, wheat, eggs, soy, nuts, or seafood.
  • Endoscopic dilation – In severe cases where the oesophagus becomes too narrow, a procedure may be needed to widen it.

Follow-Up and Monitoring

Regular check-ups with a doctor are essential to track symptoms and adjust treatment. Follow-up endoscopies may be needed to assess healing. Since EoE is a long-term condition, ongoing management helps prevent complications and improves quality of life.

If you suspect EoE in your child or family member, early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms effectively.

History and Exam

Key diagnostic factor

  • presence of risk factors
  • dysphagia
  • food avoidance and modification behaviours

Other diagnostic factors

  • heartburn
  • chest discomfort
  • nausea/vomiting
  • regurgitation

Risk factor

  • family history of EoO
  • male sex
  • atopic disease
  • children and younger adults

Diagnostic Investigations

1st investigations to order

  • oesophagogastroduodenoscopy
  • oesophageal biopsy
  • FBC with differential

Investigations to consider

  • transnasal endoscopy
  • oesophageal string test
  • cytosponge
  • Oesophageal physiological testing

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    Other Related Conditions

    coeliac disease

    Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or Ulcerative Colitis)

    Eosinophilic Oesophagitis

    cow’s milk protein intolerance, food allergies

    irritable bowel syndrome (ibs)

    reflux & vomiting

    failure to thrive

    constipation or diarrhoea

    incontinence

    chronic abdominal pain

    gastroparesis

    liver disease

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      Social and emotional functioning refers to a child’s ability to understand, express, and manage their emotions, as well as to interact effectively with others. These skills are fundamental for building positive relationships, developing empathy, and coping with the everyday challenges of growing up.

      Children who experience difficulties in social and emotional functioning may struggle with recognizing their own feelings or those of others, regulating emotional responses, or responding appropriately in social situations. This can lead to challenges such as anxiety, low self-esteem, difficulty making friends, or misunderstandings with peers and adults.

      In the school environment, social and emotional difficulties can impact a child’s engagement, cooperation, and overall learning experience. Emotional distress may manifest as withdrawal, irritability, or disruptive behaviour, which can further affect academic progress and peer relationships.

      Assessment of social and emotional functioning as part of a neuropsychological evaluation typically includes behavioural observations, standardized rating scales, and information gathered from parents, teachers, and sometimes the child. This comprehensive approach helps identify strengths and areas for support in emotional regulation, social skills, and adaptive behaviours.

      Understanding a child’s social-emotional profile allows for the development of tailored strategies to enhance emotional wellbeing, build resilience, and improve social communication. Early intervention and supportive environments can empower children to navigate their emotions more effectively, fostering confidence and meaningful connections. 

      At Offspring Health, we aim to provide transparent information about the costs involved in neurodevelopmental and educational assessments.

      Neuropsychological assessments typically involve multiple sessions that usually take between 8 and 16 hours in total, depending on the complexity and individual needs. Our hourly rate is $260, so the total cost typically ranges between $2,300 and $4,230.

      Fees generally cover:

      • Initial consultation and history gathering
      • Testing sessions where your child will complete various fun and interactive tasks
      • Liaison with schools or health professionals as needed
      • Comprehensive case analysis and report preparation
      • Feedback sessions with families and, where applicable, educators or other professionals

      Please note that standard neuropsychological assessments are generally not covered by Medicare. However, some assessments and therapy services may be funded through the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) for eligible participants. We recommend discussing funding options with your NDIS planner or support coordinator prior to booking. Private health insurance may offer partial rebates depending on your level of coverage.

      What’s the next step?

      Please phone reception for a discussion about your needs or email psychology@offspringhealth.com