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Inguinal Hernia in Children

Summary

An inguinal hernia occurs when part of the abdomen or pelvis pushes through a weak spot in the groin area. It appears as a bulge in the groin, which may become more noticeable when a child cries, coughs, or strains.

While usually not painful, an inguinal hernia can cause discomfort, especially during physical activity. Although complications are rare, they can include incarceration (when the hernia gets stuck and cannot be pushed back in), bowel obstruction, or strangulation (when blood flow to the trapped tissue is cut off). 

Diagnosis and When to Seek Help

You should see a doctor if your child has:

  • A noticeable bulge in the groin or scrotum
  • Swelling that increases with crying or activity
  • Discomfort or pain in the groin

A doctor can usually diagnose an inguinal hernia with a physical exam. If the diagnosis is unclear, imaging tests like an ultrasound may be used.

Seek immediate medical attention if the bulge:

  • Becomes hard, red, or tender
  • Cannot be gently pushed back in
  • Is accompanied by severe pain, vomiting, or swelling

These symptoms may indicate an incarcerated or strangulated hernia, which is a medical emergency. 

Management

Surgical repair is the primary treatment for inguinal hernias in children. Unlike in adults, watchful waiting is not recommended because there is a higher risk of complications. Surgery is typically performed soon after diagnosis to prevent complications.

During the procedure, the surgeon pushes the herniated tissue back into place and strengthens the weak area to prevent recurrence.

Follow-Up and Monitoring

Most children recover quickly after surgery, with minimal restrictions on activity. Follow-up visits ensure proper healing and monitor for any recurrence.

If you notice a lump in your child’s groin, consult a doctor for evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and ensure your child’s health.

History and Exam

Key diagnostic factor

  • Groin discomfort or pain with bulge
  • Groin mass
  • Abdominal discomfort or pain

Other diagnostic factors

  • Acute abdomen
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Constipation

Risk factors

  • Male sex
  • Older age
  • Family history
  • Prematurity

Diagnostic Investigations

1st investigations to order

  • Clinical diagnosis

Investigations to consider

  • Ultrasound scan of groin
  • CT scan
  • MRI of groin

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    Other Related Conditions

    Undescended testes

    congenital hernias

    removal of lumps and lesions

    pilonidal sinuses

    in-grown toenails

    acute scrotal pain

    femoral hernias

    hydrocele

    acute abdominal pain

    abscess drainage

    umbilical hernia

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      Social and emotional functioning refers to a child’s ability to understand, express, and manage their emotions, as well as to interact effectively with others. These skills are fundamental for building positive relationships, developing empathy, and coping with the everyday challenges of growing up.

      Children who experience difficulties in social and emotional functioning may struggle with recognizing their own feelings or those of others, regulating emotional responses, or responding appropriately in social situations. This can lead to challenges such as anxiety, low self-esteem, difficulty making friends, or misunderstandings with peers and adults.

      In the school environment, social and emotional difficulties can impact a child’s engagement, cooperation, and overall learning experience. Emotional distress may manifest as withdrawal, irritability, or disruptive behaviour, which can further affect academic progress and peer relationships.

      Assessment of social and emotional functioning as part of a neuropsychological evaluation typically includes behavioural observations, standardized rating scales, and information gathered from parents, teachers, and sometimes the child. This comprehensive approach helps identify strengths and areas for support in emotional regulation, social skills, and adaptive behaviours.

      Understanding a child’s social-emotional profile allows for the development of tailored strategies to enhance emotional wellbeing, build resilience, and improve social communication. Early intervention and supportive environments can empower children to navigate their emotions more effectively, fostering confidence and meaningful connections. 

      At Offspring Health, we aim to provide transparent information about the costs involved in neurodevelopmental and educational assessments.

      Neuropsychological assessments typically involve multiple sessions that usually take between 8 and 16 hours in total, depending on the complexity and individual needs. Our hourly rate is $260, so the total cost typically ranges between $2,300 and $4,230.

      Fees generally cover:

      • Initial consultation and history gathering
      • Testing sessions where your child will complete various fun and interactive tasks
      • Liaison with schools or health professionals as needed
      • Comprehensive case analysis and report preparation
      • Feedback sessions with families and, where applicable, educators or other professionals

      Please note that standard neuropsychological assessments are generally not covered by Medicare. However, some assessments and therapy services may be funded through the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) for eligible participants. We recommend discussing funding options with your NDIS planner or support coordinator prior to booking. Private health insurance may offer partial rebates depending on your level of coverage.

      What’s the next step?

      Please phone reception for a discussion about your needs or email psychology@offspringhealth.com